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N
namazlik (T) nasqsh doa (P)
Prayer rug.
naqsh A design or pattern.
nassag-bafendeh (P) Weaver.
node One loop of a pile knot
around a warp when viewed from the back of a rug.
O
odjakhlik (T) A rug used in front of a
fireplace.
offset See "warp offset."
ok-bash (T) Tent pole cover.
overcasting A treatment of selvages
consisting of a yarn wrapping or interweaving with yarn that is not
continuous with foundation weft.
P
painting Applying dye, stain or color
to the front of the rug after the rug is woven. Exposed foundation
is sometimes painted to conceal wear.
palas A Caucasian flatweave rug.
pardeh See "ensi."
pashm (P) Wool.
Persian knot See "asymmetric
knot."
Persian yarn A soft-spun, 3-ply yarn
made up of medium-twist 2-ply yarns.
pile Nap of the rug. The tufts
remaining after the knotted yarn is clipped.
pillar rug A Chinese pile rug designed
to be wrapped around a pillar or column. The design is not complete
unless the edges of the rug abut.
plain weave The simplest interlacing of
warp and weft in which there is only one weft in each of two sheds
composed of alternating warps.
plug A piece from another rug sewn or
woven into a hole in a rug.
ply Two or more yarns spun together
make a ply or plied yarn.
prayer rug A rug with representation of
a mihrab or prayer niche. Columns may be shown supporting the arch
and a lamp may be shown hanging from the apex of the arch. A double
prayer rug is one showing a niche at either end as a mirror image.
See "saph."
Prophet's green Shades of green derived
from combinations indigo blue and yellow obtained from either yellow
larkspur or unripe berries of a plant of the buckthorn family. this
was thought to be the color of Mohammed's banner.
provenance The source or origin.
When applied to rugs, provenance refers to the place of origin, the
weavers of the rug and the time of origin.
pu (P) A row of knots in a carpet.
pud (P) Weft.
pushti A Persian mat of about 3 ft. by
2 ft.
Q
qali (P) any rug larger than about 6
ft. by 9 ft.
R
rang (P) Dye, color.
rang-raz (P) Dyer.
rang shodeh (P) "Color has been
given." A painted rug.
rofu (P) Repair. To repair so
that it may not be evident.
S
"S" spun Yarn spun in
clockwise direction. The diagonal in the "S" suggests the
direction of spin.
sadden To add ingredients to the dye
bath which mute or darken the color.
saddle bags Two bags or pouches connected so
they can be thrown over the back of a horse or donkey. The outside
faces may be pile while the inside faces are flatwoven.
Typically, a pair of bags is about 2 ft. by 4 ft.
Safavid Refers to rugs made during the
Safavid dynasty in Persia between 1500 and 1730.
saijada (P) Prayer rug.
salt bag A bag of distinctive shape
that may have a pile face. It is used to store salt or grain.
saph, saff A prayer rug containing
multiple niches in a row, sometimes referred to as a family prayer rug.
selvage, selvedge The edge warps of a
rug and the foundation wefts passing around those warps.
Senneh knot See "asymmetric
knot."
sezar (P) Three zars. A rug
approximately 7 12/ ft. by 5 ft.
shade A hue with an admixture of white,
black or grey.
shed The opening formed through the
warps when alternate warps are raised to permit the shuttle and weft to
pass through the warps. There is one shed for each set of warps,
depending on whether even or odd-numbered warps are raised.
shoot, shot, pick A weft or the passage
of a weft through a shed.
shotori (P) Camel-colored or naturally
brown sheep wool.
sili See "zili."
singles yarn An unplied yarn consisting
of fibers all spun in the same direction.
sinuous weft When warps are offset or
depressed, wefts are alternately straight or bending in their passage
through the warps. The bending weft is termed a "sinuous"
weft and the straight weft is termed a "cable" weft. See
"cable weft."
sizing Starch or glue added to yarns or
fabrics to increase their smoothness, stiffness or bulk.
skein A coil of yarn.
skirt See "elem."
sofreh (P) A cloth of which food is
served.
soumak A flatwoven rug using
supplementary wefts in a weft-wrapping technique, usually producing a
herringbone effect.
silk weave A tapestry weave in which
wefts of different colors reverse direction on adjacent warps. Where
several rows of wefts reverse direction on the same adjacent warps, a slit
in the fabric results.
Spanish knot A pile knot on a single
warp. This knot is thought to have originated in North Africa.
spandrel Designs spanning the corners
of a rug and the areas in either corner above a mihrab.
spin The relative direction of twist of
yarns, "Z" spun or "S" spun.
staple The average length of fibers in
a yarn.
supplementary weft A weft that is not
structurally essential to a fabric that is added to create a textured or
ornamental effect.
supplementary weft float patterning
Ornamentation of a ground fabric with supplementary wefts, continuous from
selvage to selvage, that skip over two or more adjacent warps.
suzanduz (P) Coarse needlework
patterning on flatwoven rugs. The term is incorrectly applied to
soumac weave.
suzanni (P) embroidered needlework used
as wall hangings and bed covers.
symmetric knot The Turkish (Turkbaff)
or Giordes knot. This knot is tied on two warps as shown:
Glossary of Terms A
through F
Glossary of Terms
G through M
Glossary of Terms N through S
Glossary of Terms T through Z
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