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T
tamgas Nomadic livestock brand which
may also be a tribal emblem woven into rugs.
talim (P) A written description of the
numbers of pile knots and their colors to create a specific design.
Used in the production of factory rugs.
tapestry weave Any one of a variety of
weaves in which there are no supplementary wefts and the pattern or design
is created by ground wefts and the pattern or design is created by ground
wefts that are not continuous from selvage to selvage.
tapestry yarn A 4-ply, hard-spun yarn.
tar (P) Warp.
tent band, girth, jolam, yup Tent
bands, visible from the inside of Turkmen tents, serve both structural and
decorative purpose. Some tent bands are ornamented with pile.
Tent bands are between 8 in. and 22 in. wide and about 40 ft. long.
torba (T) A shallow bag hung from the
tent structure. A torba is smaller than a joval. Pile knotting
may be used on only one face of a torba.
triclinium See "audience
rug."
tun (P) Warp.
turnarounds In reweaving foundation,
new warp reverses direction when it passes from one column of knot nodes
to the next column of knot nodes. New weft reverses direction when
it passes under a knot. These reversals of direction are called
"turnarounds."
Turkbaff See "symmetric
knot."
Tukish knot See "symmetric
knot."
twill A basic diagonal weave in which
warps consistently skip 2, 3, 4 or 5 wefts or wefts consistently skip 2,
3, 4 or 5 warps.
V
vagier reh (P) "That which
is gotten from something else." A sample rug.
vakif (A) The Islamic practice of
giving land, rugs or other assets to the mosque.
vase carpet Carpets with a field filled
by flowers and tendrils or a lattice with a vase located at one or both
ends.
verneh Caucasian flatweave rug.
vordelik (T) Wall hanging. Silk
rugs are often used in this manner.
W
warp Warps are the initial structural
components of loom-woven fabrics. Parallel warp yarns run the length
of the loom. Wefts are woven through the warps and pile knots are
tied to the warps.
warp faced In a balanced plain weave,
warps and wefts are equally visible. In a warp faced fabric, warps
are more closely spaced than wefts and wefts are concealed.
warp offset, warp depression A set of
warps can be held in a plane by tight supporting wefts (cable wefts) while
alternate warps are permitted to lie in another plane due to loose and
bending wefts (sinuous wefts). Alternate warps are seen to be
depressed from the back of the rug. Warps may be offset to the
extent that one warp may lie on top of another. See "cable
weft."
washing Rugs may be washed in chemical
solutions to soften (bleach) colors and to increase the lustre of fibers.
weft Wefts are yarns woven through
warps by means of a shuttle. Wefts are horizontal or crosswise yarns
when the fabric is viewed on a loom.
weft chaining A weft wrapping technique
similar to crochet work in which weft loops are pulled through each other
as they pass around warps.
weft faced In a balanced plain weave,
warps and wefts are equally visible. In a weft faced fabric, wefts
are more closely spaced than warps and warps are concealed. Because
of the warp spacing dictated by pile knotting, end killims are usually
weft faced.
weft float brocade The use of
supplementary wefts, not continuous from selvage to selvage, to create a
design by skipping over warps. The ground fabric is usually a plain
weave in oriental rugs.
weft twining A weft wrapping method in
which two wefts pass across warps, twisting together after each warp or at
regular intervals.
weft wrapping Any system by which wefts
loop around warps rather than only interlacing or passing over and under
warps. Soumak and weft chaining are two forms of weft wrapping.
weld The plant, Reseda luteola, the
stalks, leaves and flowers of which yield a yellow dye.
whip stitch A simple stitch used in overcastting
and to lock the final weft in rug ends.
woolen A wool yarn of mixed staple that
has been carded. Fibers are neither as long or as parallel as
worsted yarn.
worsted a wool yarn of long staple with
fibers that have been combed prior to spinning. Combing produces
more parallel fibers than carding.
Y
yak-gereh (P) Asymmetric knot.
yastik (T) A small Anatolian pillow
face about 1 1/2 ft. by 3 ft.
yatak (T) Anatolian shaggy-pile rugs
made as sleeping mats.
Z
"Z" spun Yarn spun in a
counter-clockwise direction. The diagonal lines in the "Z"
suggests the direction of spin.
zalil See "esperek."
zar (P) Persian linear measure of about
41 or 44 inches. Also, gold.
zaronim (P) A Persian rug of about 5
ft. by 3 1/2 ft. Literally, one and one-half zars.
zili, sili A Caucasian flatweave.
zilu (P)
Woven cotton rug
Glossary of Terms A through F
Glossary of Terms
G through M
Glossary of Terms N through S
Glossary of Terms T through Z
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